The Shepherd’s Chapel, Parskahayk (Suren Manukyan photo)

“Again Iran?” — asked those around me upon hearing that I’m traveling to Iran for the fourth time, and for the third time at the initiative of the Cascade Iranian Cultural Center of Yerevan. 

Yes, again — and with great pleasure! For me, that neighboring country is like an inexhaustible source of riches. Its rich history, layered culture, breathtaking sites and warm hospitality keep drawing me back. 

Despite the ongoing sanctions and the negative image portrayed in some circles, Iran is truly one of the top must-see countries in the world. It’s no coincidence that it ranks among the countries with the most UNESCO World Heritage sites. Iran is boundless in its colors, wealth, and generosity toward visitors. 

This time, I found it even freer — the enforcement of the mandatory hijab seemed more relaxed in many places (rest in peace, Mahsa Amini!). 

Caravanserai of Khoja Nazar, Parskahayk (Suren Manukyan photo)

The journey began with visits to the Armenian heritage sites in the Eastern Azerbaijan region of northern Iran. The monasteries of St. Stepanos and St. Thaddeus, and the Shepherd’s Chapel, are architectural masterpieces of the historical Parskahayk region. Though no longer functioning, these sites welcome visitors with recordings of Armenian religious music. From the Iranian side, one can even see into Nakhijevan — a region gifted by Bolshevik Russia to the artificially created Azerbaijan SSR, along with Artsakh. Across the Araks River lies the site of the destroyed Julfa khachkars in Nakhijevan.  

While Armenia’s eastern neighbor systematically erases Armenian cultural traces and instills hostility toward Armenians, the Iranian government protects Armenian sites. One such site is the picturesque caravanserai of Khoja Nazar on the banks of the Araks River, built in the 17th century by an Armenian merchant. 

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For Armenians, the historical Avarayr Plain on the banks of the Tghmut River always evokes deep interest — even if the exact site is only assumed. A natural wonder occurs where the muddy Tghmut (literally “muddy” in Armenian) flows into the clear Araks — a visible line separating two waters. 

A mansion belonging to an Armenian family in New Julfa, Isfahan (Suren Manukyan photo)

The bus sped across mostly arid landscapes, with cities appearing one after another, each unlike the last. 

First came Kashan, known for its Fin Historical Garden and Bathhouse, History Museum, Castle of Love, handicrafts, and market of rosewater, rose oil, and other aromatic extracts. 

Next was Yazd, a city of unique and captivating architecture. In the old city, time feels frozen — its clay buildings and ancient air-cooling systems are marvels of ingenuity. The Zoroastrian Fire Temple, with its eternal flame and chanting of passages from the Avesta, leaves an indelible impression. In contrast, the Tower of Silence — the ancient Zoroastrian burial site where bodies were offered to vultures until just 70 years ago — evokes a somber, eerie atmosphere. 

On the road to Shiraz, we visited Persepolis, the ancient capital of the Achaemenid Empire. Its monumental ruins bear bas-reliefs depicting the empire’s subjects, including Armenians — a source of pride for us. 

Poetic Shiraz enchants with the Narenjestan Garden and Palace, and the Mausoleum of the great medieval poet Hafez, where many visitors read his poetry. Two architectural gems stand out: the Nasir al-Mulk Mosque, with its stained-glass windows casting a kaleidoscope of colors across the floor, and the grand Shah Cheragh Mosque, its interior dazzling with mirrored surfaces that turn the space into a sparkling jewel. 

Statue of the goddess Anahita (Suren Manukyan photo)

Isfahan is another jewel — a city with a subtle European air. The palaces of Shah Abbas (Chehel Sotoun and Ali Qapu), Naqsh-e Jahan Square, the Great Mosque, and the historic bazaar immerse you in the grandeur of the former Persian capital. But for us Armenians, the New Julfa district holds a special place in our hearts, with the Holy Savior Monastery (Vank) and its two museums showcasing the Armenian contribution to Iranian history and culture. Nearby stand the Holy Bethlehem Church, an Armenian school, and Armenian heard in the streets. In a small square, I greet the bust of my late acquaintance, film critic Zaven Ghookasian — a sign of Iran’s respect for worthy individuals, regardless of ethnicity. 

There are no longer Armenians in Hamadan, the birthplace of famed singers Hovhannes Badalyan and Viguen Terterian, known as the “Sultan of Iranian Pop.” Still, the connection to Armenia persists — in the Ganjnameh inscriptions of King Darius (written in three languages, including a reference to Urartu-Armenia), the ancient city of Ecbatana, the awe-inspiring Behistun reliefs with Hercules and the tale of Armenian beauty Shirin and Persian Farhad, immortalized by Nizami. At Tagh-e Bostan, Sassanian kings are carved into rock, surprisingly flanked by large angelic figures. And among the ruins of the temple of the goddess Anahita, a splendid bust of the deity survives. 

Shiraz (Suren Manukyan photo)

In Lalejin, a ceramics hub, local artisans create clay treasures for the world. A visit to Ali Sadr Cave, with its glowing walls and boat ride through surreal, dreamlike waters, adds yet another dimension to the experience. 

Finally, Tabriz greets us with its sprawling 4-kilometer bazaar, bursting with goods of every kind. The journey ends with one last wonder — the Kandovan cave village, where residents live in rock-hewn homes equipped with modern amenities. 

But even these marvels would be incomplete without the joyful camaraderie of fellow travelers: strangers who become friends, sharing laughter, songs, and stories on the bus. Add to this the delicious Iranian food and especially the sweets, and the picture is complete. 

Rock reliefs, Taq-e Bostan, Kermanshah (Suren Manukyan photo)

The people of Iran are curious and kind to visitors. With relatively few tourists, locals are eager to engage. When we sing and dance in the streets, people join to the joy immediately. Strangers of all ages approach us with asking “Verar yufrom?” and cheerfully adding, “Velkom to Iran!” Often, that’s all they say — and it’s enough. We’re moved, too, by how frequently we hear expressions of respect toward Armenians. At one hotel, a man overheard our conversation and came over to say he deeply admired Armenians and hoped Armenia would soon join the European Union. 

The driving force behind these trips is George Abrahamian, who has been organizing a minimum of eight bus tours to Iran annually for the past 15 years. Thanks to him, around 3,000 people from Armenia — and beyond — have discovered Iran. Many, like me, return again and again, unable to resist the call of this endlessly fascinating country. 

 

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