First president of the third Republic of Armenia, Levon Ter Petrossian, in Yerevan, November 2022 (photo Avedis Hadjian)

Pashinyan to Blame for Karabakh Debacle, Insists Ter-Petrossian

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By Ruzanna Stepanian

YEREVAN (Azatutyun) — Former President Ter-Petrossian on December 26 blamed Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan for the fall of Nagorno-Karabakh in response to the latter’s critical claims about the former Armenian governments’ policies on the conflict with Azerbaijan.

Pashinyan claimed on Monday, December 23, that all peace plans drafted by international mediators from 1994 onwards and considered by his predecessors were about “returning Nagorno-Karabakh to Azerbaijan.” He said that his “big mistake” was not to make this clear to Armenians after coming to power in 2018.

The offices of Ter-Petrossian and two other former presidents, Robert Kocharyan and Serzh Sargsyan, unanimously countered that Pashinyan continues to distort the history of the Armenian-Azerbaijani negotiation process that was mediated by the United States, Russia and France for decades. They said he keeps trying to absolve himself of blame for the 2020 war in Karabakh and Azerbaijan’s subsequent takeover of the Armenian-populated region.

Pashinyan responded by challenging the three ex-presidents to a televised debate on the issue. They all scoffed at the proposal.

“What should I debate with you when the subject of the debate, the millennia-old Armenian Artsakh, no longer exists due to your adventurism and you have no choice but to make desperate efforts to divert our people’s attention from this bitter reality?” Ter-Petrossian replied in a statement published late on Wednesday.

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“Make as much noise as you want. This reality is already a historical fact that can no longer be erased,” he said.

Ter-Petrossian also challenged Pashinyan to publicize all peace plans drafted by the US, Russian and French co-chairs of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Minsk Group along with Yerevan’s official responses to them.

“That would be a real debate based on facts. And if you don’t do that, you will prove once again that you are running away from the truth and are busy cowardly dodging historical responsibility,” added the 79-year-old ex-president who led Armenia to independence in 1991.

Most of the Karabakh peace proposals were based on so-called Madrid Principles which the US, Russian and French mediators originally put forward in 2007. This framework agreement, repeatedly modified in the following decade, upheld the Karabakh Armenians’ right to self-determination while calling for their withdrawal from Azerbaijani districts around Karabakh occupied in the early 1990s. Karabakh’s internationally recognized status would be determined through a future referendum.

“Nikol is lying when he says that Armenian diplomacy had spoken about incorporating Nagorno-Karabakh into Azerbaijan,” said Levon Zurabyan, the deputy chairman of Ter-Petrossian’s Armenian National Congress party. “On the contrary, Armenian diplomacy had spoken only about not incorporating Nagorno-Karabakh into Azerbaijan.”

“If what Nikol Pashinyan says were true, the conflict would have already ended in 1992,” Zurabyan told RFE/RL’s Armenian Service on Thursday.

Vartan Oskanian, who served as Armenia’s foreign minister in the Kocharyan administration from 1998-2008, likewise accused Pashinyan of lying about the US-Russian-French peace plans.

“I can show our people that he lies, he deceives them and that he does all this to atone for his sins and justify his mistakes,” Oskanian said.

He challenged Pashinyan to debate with him in place of the ex-presidents. The premier did not respond to the proposal.

Armenian opposition leaders say that Pashinyan made the 2020 war inevitable by rejecting the last version of the Madrid Principles drafted in 2019. In 2021, Serzh Sarkisian publicized the secretly recorded audio of a 2019 meeting during which Pashinyan said he is ready to “play the fool or look a bit insane” in order to avoid such a settlement.

The opposition also holds him responsible for Armenia’s defeat in the six-week war and Azerbaijan’s recapture of Karabakh in September 2023. Pashinyan has put the blame on ex-Presidents Sargsyan and Kocharyan.

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